Open Access

Eine Steigerung des Wertbeitrags der Instandhaltung kann nur im Zusammenspiel mit der Belegschaft sowie internen und externen Anspruchsgruppen geschehen. Dabei bieten digitale Technologien eine Möglichkeit, Prozesse und Entscheidungen punktuell effizienter und besser zu machen. Eine nachhaltige Transformation muss jedoch nicht nur technologisch, sondern vor allem auch methodisch gestaltet werden. Dabei müssen bewährte Methoden der zuverlässigkeitsorientierten Instandhaltung und des Lean Managements mit den digitalen Technologien zusammenspielen, um den größtmöglichen Effekt für das Unternehmen zu erzielen.

Augmented reality seems to offer great potential benefits in the field of industrial services. However, the question of the exact benefits, both monetary and qualitative, is difficult to evaluate, as is the case with IT investments in gen-eral. Within the framework of the DM4AR research project, an evaluation model was therefore developed. Based on group discussions and interviews on potential AR use cases, a list of monetary and qualitative benefits was compiled to form the basis for selecting suitable evaluation modules in the existing literature. These include an impact chain analysis in the form of a strategy map, a monetary eval-uation as a calculation of the return on investment, based on the assumptions of the use case as well as existing studies, and a qualitative evaluation in the form of a utility analysis. The outcome is an evaluation model in the form of a multi-perspective approach that considers the impact of AR in the four perspectives of the balanced scorecard (financial, customer, internal business processes, learning and growth). The results of the qualitative and monetary evaluation can be sum-marized in a 2D matrix to support decision-making.

Unternehmen stehen zunehmend unter Druck, nachhaltig zu handeln. Gesellschaftliche Erwartungen, strenge gesetzliche Vorschriften und wirtschaftliche Zwänge führen zu Zielkonflikten, etwa zwischen ökonomischer und ökologischer Nachhaltigkeit. Dieser Beitrag definiert das Konzept des Upgrade Engineering, das technische Upgrades mit wirtschaftlicher und ökologischer Wertsteigerung verbindet. Die Nutzung dieses Konzepts soll Unternehmen helfen, den geschilderten Konflikt langfristig aufzulösen.

Transitioning to a circular economy fundamentally changes the traditional, linear economic model. Establishing circular strategies requires adapting and expanding the roles within the value system to realize the decoupling of economic growth and resource consumption. In particular, a combination of several value-retention strategies implemented in parallel can increase the ecological and economic potential of circular economy. However, there is a lack of description of this type of value system in relation to the new required activities, and the resulting material and information flows within the value system. For this reason, literature research and exploratory analyses through expert workshops were used to identify variants for implementing the value system. The results include the definition of five possible variants of a value system for the parallel implementation of value-retention circular strategies in the white goods industry. The five possible variants are necessary to enable sustainable collaboration strategies between different stakeholders from which all of the stakeholders can benefit. The new activities for enabling the various value-retention strategies, e.g., product evaluation or disassembly, are distributed differently across the stakeholders of the value systems per variant. This leads to distinct material and information flows per variant.