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Task-Specific Decision Support Systems in Multi-Level Production Systems based on the digital shadow
(2019)
Due to the increasing spread of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) suitable for shop floors, the production environment can more easily be digitally connected to the various decision making levels of a production system. This connectivity as well as an increasing availability of high-resolution feedback data, can be used for decision support for all levels of the company and supply chain. To enable data driven decision support, different data sources were structured and linked. The data was combined in task-specific digital shadows, selecting clustering and aggregation rules to gain information. Visual interfaces for task-specific decision support systems (DSS) were developed and evaluated positively by domain experts. The complexity of decision making on different levels was successfully reduced as an effect of the processed amounts of data. These interfaces support decision making, but can additionally be improved if DSS are extended with smart agents as proposed in the Internet of Production.
Im November 2015 fand die erste DenkfabrEthik in Aachen statt. Hinter diesem Namen verbirgt sich jedoch nicht nur die Veranstaltung, die jährlich stattfinden soll, sondern ein buntes Gremium, das sich einer relevanten, bislang selten beachteten Aufgabe stellt: die ethischen Aspekte einer zunehmenden Digitalisierung auf dem Weg zu einer digitalen Gesellschaft zu beleuchten und stärker in den Fokus allgemeinen Interesses zu rücken.
Dr. Alexander Mertens, Initiator der DenkfabrEthik, gewährt Einblicke in den Themenkomplex 'Ethik in der digitalisierten Welt' und zeigt, warum dieses Thema uns alle angeht.
People with tremor find it often very difficult to use IT services and therefore attain very low levels of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction, when doing so. The currently available user interfaces do not guarantee sufficient precision for information input. Individuals suffering from intention tremor show a significant worsening when moving towards a button, precisely because target-oriented movements produce shaking in the affected body parts. For this target group a new method regarding the information input has been developed and evaluated. This technique enables the persons concerned to input information on a touch screen by using a wiping movement. Variations caused by the tremor are compensated with a continuous movement rather than a single direct movement towards a target field. Moreover, the screen surface causes a significant friction that helps to damp tremor forces. The user input can be identified by the computer with high accuracy by means of special heuristics which also assist barrier free access among the target group.
Production in high-wage countries can be made more efficient, cost-effective, and flexible by solving the conflict between planning and value orientation. A promising approach is to focus on planning and decision-making processes (production planning and control, design of production processes and machinery, etc.) and to aim to maximize overall planning efficiency. Planning efficiency can be expressed as the ratio between the benefit generated by preparing detailed process instructions to produce the parts or components and the corresponding planning efforts. Industrial companies wanting to gain a competitive advantage in dynamic global markets have to identify a set of non-dominated solutions with the most favorable effort–benefit ratio rather than a single solution. The optimum between detailed planning and the immediate implementation of value-adding activities (process steps) in the process chain needs to be found dynamically for each product.
This research area focuses on the management systems and principles of a production system. It aims at controlling the complex interplay of heterogeneous processes in a highly dynamic environment, with special focus on individualized products in high-wage countries. The project addresses the comprehensive application of self-optimizing principles on all levels of the value chain. This implies the integration of self-optimizing control loops on cell level, with those addressing the production planning and control as well as supply chain and quality management aspects. A specific focus is on the consideration of human decisions during the production process. To establish socio-technical control loops, it is necessary to understand how human decisions are made in diffuse working processes as well as how cognitive and affective abilities form the human factor within production processes.