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The mechanical and plant engineering industry faces a stagnation in the new machinery market and is relying on innovative business models such as subscription to overcome these. In this business model, individually customized solution packages are offered. The success of these models depends directly on the future success of the customer, making the selection of the right customers crucial. The aim of this paper is to identify the criteria that indicate the suitability of customers for subscription models. While there are individual descriptions of suitability criteria in the existing literature, there is a lack of comprehensive consideration of customer relationship, customer company, and customer market, as the extensive consideration was not necessary in the transactional sale of machines until now. Therefore, in this study, expert interviews are conducted with companies in mechanical and plant engineering that offer subscription models. The results show criteria that are used to evaluate customers in the six main categories of creditworthiness, market potential, benefit potential, feasibility, relationship, and sales effort. In total, 24 criteria can provide insight into the suitability of the customer for a successful subscription relationship. These criteria are intended to develop target systems that meet the requirements of different stakeholders in the customer and thus support the economic viability of these business models.
Ziel des Forschungsprojekts „Chatbot im Service“ war die Entwicklung eines praxisnahen Einführungskonzepts für Chatbots in B2B-Serviceleistungen, insbesondere für KMU der produzierenden Unternehmen. Wichtige Aspekte, die berücksichtigt wurden, waren dabei eine Technologieübersicht, Datenmanagement, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Akzeptanz.
The use of chatbots has hardly been established in B2B companies to date and involves various challenges. The goal of this paper is to identify the biggest barriers to the successful implementation of chatbots in B2B customer service and to develop measures to overcome them. The barriers are identified by conducting expert interviews within the framework of Eisenhardt's case study research. These are examined through a socio-technical analysis focusing on people, technology, and organization. By means of systematic literature research and in-depth interviews with German chatbot providers and customers of chatbots, measures for overcoming the barriers are identified. Using interviews with experts from German chatbot providers, the responsible stakeholders of each measure according to the RASCI Responsibility Matrix are determined. A total of 46 implementation barriers and 100 measures to overcome these barriers are identified. The study shows that there are major barriers in the areas of people, technology, and organization of a socio-technical system that can cause the implementation of a chatbot to fail. A holistic view is therefore essential. The results provide firms with a guideline on how to overcome potential barriers during chatbot implementation in B2B customer service.
Die stagnierende Nachfrage nach neuen Maschinen und Anlagen führt dazu, dass Unternehmen der Branche nach neuen Geschäftsmodellen zur Monetarisierung ihrer Leistungen suchen. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz in diesem Zusammenhang ist das „Netflix der Industrie" – ein sogenanntes Subscription-Geschäftsmodell (SGM), das gezielt in diesem Bereich unterstützt. Bei diesem Modell bietet der Anbieter seinen Kunden eine Lösung in Form eines Produkt-Service-Systems an und erhält dafür regelmäßige Zahlungen. Allerdings birgt die Implementierung dieser Geschäftsmodelle Herausforderungen aufgrund der kapitalintensiven Vorfinanzierung und derzeit mangelnder Bewertungsmethoden zur Bestimmung der Eignung von Kunden für ein solches Modell. Im Projekt ‚SCALA‘ wird ein Subscription-Business-Case-Calculator entwickelt, der es Unternehmen ermöglicht, sich gezielt auf profitable SGM zu konzentrieren und somit den wichtigen Schritt in Richtung des „Netflix der Industrie“ zu gehen.
Im Forschungsprojekt ‚Chatbots im Service‘ forschten das FIR und das International Performance Research Institute (IPRI) gemeinsam mit namhaften Partnern im projektbegleitenden Ausschuss an dem Einsatz von Chatbots im B2B-Kundenservice. Der Fokus lag hierbei vor allem auf KMU im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau. Die Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojekts liefern Unternehmen eine Orientierung in Form eines appbasierten Einführungsleitfadens bei der Implementierung von Chatbots.
