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Institute
- Produktionsmanagement (115) (remove)
In a subproject of the cluster of excellence “Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage Countries” at RWTH Aachen University a configuration logic is under development that enables companies to configure their production system according to the dynamic requirements of the market. As a result of this project, a holistic description model for production systems has been defined. With numerous attributes in the sub-models a detailed characterization of the production system is possible.
The sub-model for the design of the supply chain will be depicted in detail in this paper. Representative for the design of a supply chain, the spare parts logistics of the wind energy industry is analyzed in depth. Designing this supply chain is not only one of the most challenging tasks in logistics. Only a responsive but also cost efficient design of the spare parts supply chain guarantees high productivity, extended life spans of the wind turbines as well as the expected profit for all companies in the supply chain.
Dynamische Märkte verlangen nach effizienten Produktionssystemen. Um Unternehmen in die Lage zu versetzen, ihre Produktionssysteme auf diese Anforderungen einzustellen, entwickelt der Exzellenzcluster „Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage Countries“ an der RWTH Aachen im Rahmen eines Unterprojekts eine Konfigurationslogik, die eine ganzheitliche und gleichzeitig detaillierte Beschreibung des Produktionssystems erlaubt.
Dieser Artikel stellt das entwickelte Modell zur Gestaltung der Supply-Chain detailliert dar. Als Betrachtungsgegenstand wird die distributionsseitige Lieferkette der Ersatzteillogistik gewählt, da deren Gestaltung und Betrieb eine der größten Herausforderungen der logistischen Planung bilden. Die Ersatzteillogistik wird dazu in drei wesentliche Gestaltungsfelder aufgeteilt: Netzwerkdesign, Kooperationskonzepte und Bestandsmanagement. Im Fokus der Betrachtungen stehen die Interdependenzen zwischen den Gestaltungsfeldern und ihren Elementen, da sie die Entscheidungsfindung häufig erschweren.
Die volle Bandbreite aller Abhängigkeiten ist in der Regel nicht zu erfassen. Daher erfolgt eine Reduzierung der Komplexität durch eine Fokussierung der für verschiedene Ersatzteilkategorien wesentlichen Gestaltungselemente. Hierzu wird zunächst eine Klassifizierung der Ersatzteile im Hinblick auf ihre Schlüsselcharakteristiken durchgeführt. Für jede Kategorie muss im Anschluss nur eine reduzierte Menge von Gestaltungselementen berücksichtigt werden, sodass eine vertiefte Analyse dieser relevanten Elemente möglich wird. Mithilfe eines systemdynamischen Ansatzes wird schließlich eine verbesserte Konfiguration des Netzwerkdesigns, des Kooperationskonzepts und des Bestandsmanagements der Ersatzteillieferkette auf der Basis spezifischer logistischer Anforderungen für die entsprechenden Ersatzteilkategorien erreicht.
Vor dem Hintergrund des unvorhersehbaren Unternehmensumfelds gewinnt das Risiko-Management in Produktionsnetzwerken zunehmend an Bedeutung. Um den dynamischen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, ist der Aufbau von Flexibilitätspotenzialen besonders wichtig. Da jedoch für die auftragsspezifische Fertigung keine Sicherheitsbestände aufgebaut werden können, ist ein alternativer Ansatz zur Flexibilitätssicherung zu finden. Im diesem Artikel wird ein Ansatz zur Bewertung des Nutzens der Bestellflexibilität vorgestellt.
Within each of the three design fields numerous design elements exist (e.g. degree of centralization, number of warehouses etc. in the field network design). Hence, the interdependencies of all design elements have to be analyzed to allow optimal decisions for the design of an efficient and effective spare parts logistics. Nevertheless, the complexity among all interdependencies can hardly be understood. Therefore it is necessary to reduce the complexity of design decisions by focusing on the most important design elements according to the logistical requirements of different spare part categories. In order to achieve this goal, a classification of spare parts in terms of their key characteristics has been developed. For different spare part categories only a smaller set of design elements and their interdependencies has to be taken into account. The reduced number of key design elements per spare part category can be analyzed and understood in depth. Thus a Systems Dynamics approach is used to allow a better configuration of network design, cooperation concepts and inventory management in spare parts Supply Chains on the basis of specific logistics requirements of different spare part categories.
In dynamic markets flexible and efficient production systems are the main success factor for companies. The production system in this context includes all five phases of the SCOR-Model: Source, Make, Deliver, Plan and Return. In a subproject of the cluster of excellence "Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage Countries" at RWTH Aachen University, a configuration logic is being developed that enables companies to configure their production system according to the dynamic requirements of the market. As a major intermediate result, a holistic description model for production systems has been defined. In combination with numerous attributes in the sub-models, a detailed characterization of the production system is possible.
The sub-model for the design of the Supply Chain (mainly Deliver) will be depicted in detail in this paper. Representative for the design of a Supply Chain, spare parts logistics - as one of the most challenging tasks in logistics planning - is analyzed in depth. For this purpose spare parts logistics is divided into three design fields: network design, cooperation concepts (e.g. with logistics providers, customers, suppliers) and inventory management. Decisions in the design fields are highly interdependent, any spare parts logistics configuration has to take these interdependencies into account.