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In order to introduce load management in the manufacturing industry, some obstacles need to be pointed out. This paper presents a feasible approach on how to implement load management measures in companies.
To this end, load management and energy management are explained and distinguished in a first step. Subsequently, the implementation method is introduced. Therefore, by means of this paper, companies will be enabled to use load management measures and significantly reduce their energy costs. In the second part of the paper, the introduced approach will be applied.
Hence, a use case of a manufacturing company is described. Alongside energy analyses with consumption data, specific measures are presented.
In order to introduce load management in the manufacturing industry, some obstacles need to be pointed out. This paper presents a feasible approach on how to implement load management measures in companies. To do so, load management and energy management are explained and distinguished in a first step. Subsequently, the implementation method is introduced. Therefore, by using this paper, companies will be enabled to use load management measure and reduce their energy costs significantly.
Bereits Angriffe auf einzelne Unternehmen in der Supply-Chain können eine Kettenreaktion auslösen, die ein ganzes Netz von Partnern gefährden kann. Dieselben Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien, die einen enormen Beitrag zur Produktivität sowie nationalen und globalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Zuliefernden leisten, vergrößern heute für Unternehmen die mögliche Bedrohungslandschaft. Prominente Ransomware-Angriffe auf die Reederei Maersk und auf den Anbieter für IT-Management-Lösungen Kaseya haben gezeigt, wie anfällig Lieferketten für Cyberkriminelle sind und zu welchen massiven finanziellen Schäden diese führen können. Als Reaktion auf die COVID-19-Pandemie haben viele Unternehmen massiv in ihre digitale Transformation und somit auch in die Digitalisierung der Lieferketten investiert. Dadurch sind Unternehmen nicht nur attraktivere Ziele für Cyberangriffe geworden, sondern bieten den Angreifern mit der digitalisierten Supply-Chain auch einen vielversprechenden neuen Angriffsweg. Derartige Supply-Chain-Attacken greifen ein oder mehrere Unternehmen an und dienen so als trojanisches Pferd, um in letzter Konsequenz ganze Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke zu infiltrieren. Da die Auswirkungen von Angriffen auf die Versorgungsketten zahlreicher Unternehmen nahezu unbegrenzt sind, können Supply-Chain-Attacken nicht als ein isoliertes Problem behandelt werden. Vielmehr müssen diese innerhalb einer ganzheitlichen Cyber-Security-Strategie sowohl beim Zulieferer als auch bei dessen Partnerunternehmen Berücksichtigung finden, um den vielschichtigen Bedrohungen präventiv begegnen zu können. Der folgende Beitrag versteht sich als Überblick bezüglich der aktuellen Bedrohungslandschaft im Bereich Logistik 4.0 und Supply-Chain-Management sowie der möglichen Reaktionsmaßnahmen.
Industry 4.0 is driven by Cyber-Physical Systems and Smart Products. Smart Products provide a value to both its users and its manufacturers in terms of a closer connection to the customer and his data as well as the provided smart services. However, many companies, especially SMEs, struggle with the transformation of their existing product portfolio into smart products. In order to facilitate this process, this paper presents a set of smart product use-cases from a manufacturer’s perspective. These use-cases can guide the definition of a smart product and be used during its architecture development and realization. Initially the paper gives an introduction in the field of smart products. After that the research results, based on case-study research, are presented. This includes the methodological approach, the case-study data collection and analysis. Finally, a set of use-cases, their definitions and components are presented and highlighted from the perspective of a smart product manufacturer.
The digital transformation brings up various new tasks to manage new business application software and integrate them into existing business processes and legacy systems, which are necessary to keep e.g. a production system running. Today, all these tasks are on the one hand not clearly defined and on the other hand, responsibility of these cross-disciplinary tasks is unclear in companies being mostly structured in a function-oriented way. While quality management has developed to a firmly established function of process excellence years ago, IT-application management is still to become an inevitable part of the digital transformation. There are just a few authors trying to define and describe this part, the related tasks, and necessary roles in an organization. In this paper, we show how the business needs of a company can influence the ideal adaptation of the digitization solutions and thus become the success of the digital transformation. We base the paper on a use case in manufacturing companies. We then describe how companies deal with business application systems today. Based on the framework Aachen Digital Architecture Management we describe how a company can holistically improve the management of business application systems.
Low-Level-Code Based Production Model For Improving Material Requirements Planning In ERP Systems
(2021)
Single and small-series production companies face specific challenges, such as variable customer order decoupling points (CODP), decreasing quantities and rising cost pressure. This leads to a increasing production complexity and growing requirements on Production Planning and Control (PPC). Digitalization’s direct links between objects, people, and machines as well as detailed recording of production progresses opens new solutions for PPC. However, volume of data and the required processing times are increasing. Thus, to achieve near-real-time data processing, a decentralization of decision-making systems can be observed. The function Material Requirements Planning (MRP) is PPC’s original need for Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Here, PPC’s overall problem (to fulfil primary requirements for products) is divided into subproblems (to fulfil single production orders). Especially companies characterized by an organization in accordance to the workshop principle, high in-house production depth and variable CODP are confronted with high dynamics in their production systems. This ends in significant differences between primary requirements (overall problem) and single production orders (subproblems). Ultimately, these insufficient PPC data result systematically in a non-optimal overall solution despite optimal partial solutions. This publication combines PPC’s fundamentals from existing commonly known models with current implementation concepts of ERP systems. A newly developed Low-Level-Code based Production Model provides explanations for deviations between the overall problem and its subproblems. Furthermore, information flows of PPC can be structured between a periodically actualized vertical and an event driven horizontal information flow. These recognitions lead to an improvement of PPC by ERP systems.
Increasing the energy efficiency and meanwhile avoiding unplanned maintenance breaks are keys for manufacturing companies to stay competitive in the future. This paper presents an energy saving and maintenance cost reducing approach for manufacturing environments. The approach describes first occurring types of energy wastage within manufacturing and characterizes them in more detail. Including additional external information, the significance of an identified on-going wastage can be determined. Based on the type of wastage and the significance; concrete recommendations for measures to prevent the wastage are delivered. The identified wastage facilitates detecting inefficient operating mode as well as wearing and malfunctioning at machines. By using complex event processing technologies realtime information can forwarded directly to the responsible persons to enable quick reactions to prevent energy wastage and unplanned downtimes. The paper presents an approach to identify detection and propose concepts for manufacturing enterprises. The information processing procedure is used for the implementation of two Use Cases.
Dieses Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt wurde durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) im Rahmen des Programms „KMU-innovativ: Produktionsforschung“ (Förderkennzeichen 02K19K010) gefördert und vom Projektträger Karlsruhe (PTKA) betreut. Die Verantwortung für den Inhalt dieser Veröffentlichung liegt bei den Autoren.
Networked digitalisation as an enabler for smart products and data-based business models presents companies with numerous and diverse challenges on their way through the digital transformation. Various reference architecture models have been developed in recent years to support these companies. A detailed analysis of these and in particular their use by companies quickly showed that currently existing reference models have major weaknesses in their practical suitability. With the Aachen Digital Architecture Management (ADAM), a framework was developed that specifically addresses the weaknesses of existing reference architectures and specifically takes up their strengths. As a holistic model, specially developed for use by companies, ADAM structures the digital transformation of companies in the areas of digital infrastructure and business development starting from customer requirements. Systematically, companies are enabled to drive the design of the digital architecture, taking into account design fields. The description of the design fields offers a detailed insight into the essential tasks on the way to a digitally networked company. The model is not only a structuring aid, but also contains a construction kit with the design fields to configure the procedure in the digital transformation. The procedure differentiates between the development of the digitalisation strategy and the implementation of the digital architecture. Three different case studies also show how ADAM is used in industry, what structuring support it can provide and how the digital transformation can be configured. The breadth and depth of ADAM enable companies to take the path of digital transformation systematically and in a structured manner, without ignoring the value-creating components of digitalisation. This qualifies ADAM as a sustainability-oriented framework, as it places the economic scaling, needs-based adaptation and future-oriented robustness of solution modules in the focus of digital transformation.
Die vernetzte Digitalisierung als Befähiger für Intelligente Produkte und datenbasierte Geschäftsmodelle stellt Unternehmen vor zahlreiche und vielfältige Herausforderungen auf dem Weg durch die digitale Transformation. Zur Unterstützung dieser Unternehmen wurden in den vergangenen Jahren diverse Referenzarchitekturmodelle entwickelt. Eine detaillierte Analyse derselben und insbesondere ihrer Nutzung durch Unternehmen zeigt schnell, dass aktuell bestehende Referenzmodelle große Schwächen in der Anwendung und somit in der Praxistauglichkeit aufweisen. Mit dem Aachener Digital-Architecture-Management (ADAM) wurde ein Modell entwickelt, das gezielt die Schwächen bestehender Referenzarchitekturen adressiert, ohne ihre Stärken zu vernachlässigen. Als holistisches Modell, speziell für die Anwendung durch Unternehmen entwickelt, strukturiert das ADAM-Modell die digitale Transformation von Unternehmen in den Bereichen der digitalen Infrastruktur und der Geschäftsentwicklung. Systematisch werden Unternehmen dazu befähigt, die Gestaltung der Digitalarchitektur unter Berücksichtigung von Gestaltungsfeldern voranzutreiben. Dabei bietet das Modell nicht nur eine Strukturierungshilfe, sondern beinhaltet auch einen Baukasten, um das Vorgehen in der digitalen Transformation zu konfigurieren. Durch die Breite und Tiefe von ADAM werden Unternehmen befähigt, den Weg durch die digitale Transformation systematisch und strukturiert zu bestreiten, ohne die wertschöpfenden Bestandteile der Digitalisierung aus den Augen zu verlieren.