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Understanding the Organizational Impact of Robotic Process Automation: A Socio-Technical Perspective
(2022)
Interest in AI-driven automation software is growing constantly across
all industries, as these technologies enable companies to almost automate administrative processes completely and significantly increase operational efficiency.
However, many implementation attempts fail due to a lack of understanding of how these technologies affect the various socio-technical aspects that are intertwined in an organisation. This leads to a widening gap between value propositions of automation software and the ability of companies to exploit them. For long-term
success, collaboration between humans and software robots in the organization must be optimised. Therefore, the social, technical, and organizational impact of Robotic Process Automation was investigated. Following a socio-technical systems approach, a model was developed and validated in a use case of a company in the mechanical engineering sector. Knowing the influencing factors before launching large-scale automation initiatives will help practitioners to better exploit
efficiency potentials and increase the long-term success.
The manufacturing industry consumes 54% of global energy and attributes for 20% of global CO2 emissions, demonstrating the industry’s role as global driver of climate change. Therefore, reducing its carbon footprint has become a major challenge as its current energy and resource consumption are not sustainable. Industrie 4.0 presents a chance to transform the prevailing paradigms of industrial value creation and advance sustainable developments. By using information and communication technologies for the intelligent networking of machines and processes, it has the potential to reduce energy and material consumption and is considered a key contributor to sustainable manufacturing as proclaimed by the European Commission in the term “twin transition”. As organizations still struggle to utilize the potential of Industrie 4.0 for a sustainable transformation, this paper presents a framework to successfully align their own twin transition. The framework is built upon three key design principles (micro level: leverage eco-efficient operations, meso level: facilitate circularity and macro level: foster value co-creation) derived using case study research by Eisenhardt, and four structural dimensions (resources, information systems, organizational structure and culture) based on the acatech Industrie 4.0 Maturity Index. Eleven interconnected areas of action are defined within the framework and offer a holistic and practical approach on how to leverage an organization’s twin transition. Within the conducted research, the framework was applied to the challenge of information quality and transparency required for high-value secondary plastics in the manufacturing industry. The result is a digital platform design that enables information transactions for secondary plastics and establishes a circular ecosystem. This shows the applicability of the framework and its potential to facilitate a structured approach for designing twin transitions in the manufacturing industry.
Driven by different trends, such as digitalization, the number of companies aiming for successful business transformation is increasing, while new structures and systems are paving the way. Strategic agile management systems offer significant potential benefits given the increasing speed of the evolving environment in which organizations find themselves these days. To select and implement the appropriate strategic agile management system, companies need to understand the underlying theoretical principles to be able to select the most suitable for the respective company and to introduce it based on individual adaption. Within this paper, a morphology is presented to improve theoretical knowledge about strategic agile management systems. Creating a common understanding of strategic agile management systems and their current areas of application creates a suitable frame of reference for future research projects.
While digitization is a strategic advantage in numerous industries such as the automotive industry or mechanical engineering, other industries like the German quarrying industry have not yet established a transformation towards a digitized industry. This leads to inefficient work and inaccurate forecasting capabilities. To address these challenges, digital platforms can incentivize digitization
by supporting the capacity utilization and forecasting capability of these companies. In this paper, the quarrying industry is analyzed by a morphology and different types of companies are identified. Knowing the digital maturity of these companies and by determining the key factors to forecast demands and the capacity utilization, different operating models are derived. Combined with a morphology and the value creation system, different scenarios for the identification of platform services are examined. These scenarios are weighted in a utility analysis to get an operating model blueprint to develop and establish digital platforms in less digitized industries.
Smart-Service-Engineering
(2019)
Die Industrie 4.0 hält viele Möglichkeiten für produzierende Unternehmen bereit, während sie zeitgleich eine Menge Herausforderungen kreiert. In diesem digitalisierten
und globalisierten Marktplatz kommen viele Unternehmen unter Druck, serviceorientierter zu werden und innovative Dienstleistungen wie Smart Services anzubieten. Die digitalen Services schaffen ihren Wert durch die Erweiterung von physischen Produkten. Jedoch haben sich die klassischen Methoden des Service-Engineerings (SE) nicht in ausreichendem Tempo an die digitalisierten Komponenten und veränderten Voraussetzungen angepasst. Hier wird das Smart-Service-Engineering (SSE) als neuer Ansatz für industrielle Smart Services vorgestellt. Smart-Service-Engineering basiert auf einem iterativen Entwicklungsmodell, das agile und kundenorientierte Methoden zur Verringerung der Entwicklungszeit implementiert, um einen frühen Markterfolg zu erreichen. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf den Service-Entwicklungsstufen und der Interaktion dieser Elemente des Smart Service. Schlussendlich illustriert der Beitrag die erfolgreiche Umsetzung des Smart-Service-Engineering-Ansatzes auf ein deutsches mittelständisches Unternehmen der Textilindustrie.
Viele Branchen stehen am Anfang der digitalen Transformation bzw. werden bereits grundlegend von ihr verändert. Im Zeitalter der digitalen Transformation steht somit die Frage im Mittelpunkt, wie Unternehmen die notwendigen Veränderungen angehen und den Erfolg der Transformation gewährleisten können. Datenbasierte Dienstleistungen sind dabei ein konsequenter nächster Schritt im Wandel der Unternehmen vom Investitionsgüterhersteller zum Lösungsanbieter. Nichtsdestotrotz scheitern viele Premiumhersteller trotz ihrer hohen digitalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit bei der Entwicklung und Einführung von datenbasierten Dienstleistungen. Der Beitrag zeigt zunächst Merkmale und Ausprägungen datenbasierter Dienstleistungen auf. Da sich die klassischen Methoden des Service Engineerings nicht ausreichend schnell an digitalisierte Komponenten und geänderte Voraussetzungen angepasst haben, wird mit dem Smart Service Engineering ein neuer Ansatz vorgestellt, der agile und kundenorientierte Methoden implementiert. Zuletzt werden Muster und Entwicklungspfade der digitalen Transformation detailliert analysiert und Handlungsempfehlungen für Anbieter datenbasierter Dienstleistungen abgeleitet.