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Energieflexibilität stellt eine mögliche Lösung dar, um die Herausforderungen der steigenden Volatilität in den Versorgungsnetzen in Deutschland zu beherrschen. Die Bundesregierung gibt den Weg vor: Die Energieversorgung Deutschlands wird in Zukunft verstärkt bis ganzheitlich durch erneuerbaren Energien gedeckt werden. Heute gibt es jedoch wenige innovative Energiedienstleistungen, die dieses Ziel verfolgen und die beschriebene Herausforderung in Zukunft beherrschbar machen.
Im Projekt "FlAixEnergy" wird eine Roadmap innovativer Energiedienstleistungen entwickelt. Diese zeigt auf, welche Smarten Services derzeit im Markt fehlen und in Zukunft erforderlich werden. Das Projekt wird mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) gefördert.
Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts "FlAixEnergy" sollen kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) sowohl als dezentrale Erzeuger von regenerativer Energie als auch als Energieverbraucher (Smart Industrial Customer) zu Flexibilitätsclustern zusammengefasst werden. Ziel des Projekts ist die Entwicklung einer Plattform zwischen Energieversorgungsunternehmen (EVU) und Unternehmen, mittels derer die bewertete Energieflexibilität der energieverbrauchenden Unternehmen aggregiert und so die Partizipation am Energiemarkt ermöglicht wird. Ein in diesem Kontext relevantes Thema ist die Charakterisierung der eingebundenen industriellen Verbraucher bezüglich ihres Energiebedarfsverhaltens und ihrer Flexibilität. Hierzu soll ein sogenannter "energetischer Fingerabdruck" entwickelt werden, der dazu dient, Flexibilitätspotenziale und Lastprognosen von industriellen Stromverbräuchen systematisch an Energieversorgungsunternehmen zu kommunizieren. Das Projekt wird mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) gefördert.
In order to introduce load management in the manufacturing industry, some obstacles need to be pointed out. This paper presents a feasible approach on how to implement load management measures in companies. To do so, load management and energy management are explained and distinguished in a first step. Subsequently, the implementation method is introduced. Therefore, by using this paper, companies will be enabled to use load management measure and reduce their energy costs significantly.
In order to introduce load management in the manufacturing industry, some obstacles need to be pointed out. This paper presents a feasible approach on how to implement load management measures in companies.
To this end, load management and energy management are explained and distinguished in a first step. Subsequently, the implementation method is introduced. Therefore, by means of this paper, companies will be enabled to use load management measures and significantly reduce their energy costs. In the second part of the paper, the introduced approach will be applied.
Hence, a use case of a manufacturing company is described. Alongside energy analyses with consumption data, specific measures are presented.
The manufacturing industry has to exploit trends like “Industrie 4.0” and digitization not only to design production more efficiently, but also to create and develop new and innovative business models. New business models ensure that even SMEs are able to open up new markets and canvass new customers. This means that in order to stay competitive, SMEs must transform their existing business models.
The creation of new business models require smart products. The required data base for new business models cannot be provided by SMEs alone, whereas smart products are able to provide a foundation, given the creation of smart data and smart services they enable. These services then expand functions and functionality of smart products and define new business models.
However, the development of smart products by small and medium-sized enterprises is still lined with obstacles. Regarding the product development process the inclusion of smart products means that new and SME-unknown domains diffuse during the process. Although there are many models regarding this process there appears to be a substantial lack of taking into account the competencies enabled by the implementation of digital technologies. Hence, several SME-supporting approaches fail to address the two major challenges these enterprises are faced with. This paper generally describes valid objectives containing relevant stakeholders and their allocation to the phases of the product life cycle.
Within each objective the potential benefit for customers and producers is analyzed. The model given in this paper helps SMEs in defining the initiation of a product development project more precisely and hence also eases project scoping and targeting for the smartification of an already existing product.
Bereits Angriffe auf einzelne Unternehmen in der Supply-Chain können eine Kettenreaktion auslösen, die ein ganzes Netz von Partnern gefährden kann. Dieselben Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien, die einen enormen Beitrag zur Produktivität sowie nationalen und globalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Zuliefernden leisten, vergrößern heute für Unternehmen die mögliche Bedrohungslandschaft. Prominente Ransomware-Angriffe auf die Reederei Maersk und auf den Anbieter für IT-Management-Lösungen Kaseya haben gezeigt, wie anfällig Lieferketten für Cyberkriminelle sind und zu welchen massiven finanziellen Schäden diese führen können. Als Reaktion auf die COVID-19-Pandemie haben viele Unternehmen massiv in ihre digitale Transformation und somit auch in die Digitalisierung der Lieferketten investiert. Dadurch sind Unternehmen nicht nur attraktivere Ziele für Cyberangriffe geworden, sondern bieten den Angreifern mit der digitalisierten Supply-Chain auch einen vielversprechenden neuen Angriffsweg. Derartige Supply-Chain-Attacken greifen ein oder mehrere Unternehmen an und dienen so als trojanisches Pferd, um in letzter Konsequenz ganze Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke zu infiltrieren. Da die Auswirkungen von Angriffen auf die Versorgungsketten zahlreicher Unternehmen nahezu unbegrenzt sind, können Supply-Chain-Attacken nicht als ein isoliertes Problem behandelt werden. Vielmehr müssen diese innerhalb einer ganzheitlichen Cyber-Security-Strategie sowohl beim Zulieferer als auch bei dessen Partnerunternehmen Berücksichtigung finden, um den vielschichtigen Bedrohungen präventiv begegnen zu können. Der folgende Beitrag versteht sich als Überblick bezüglich der aktuellen Bedrohungslandschaft im Bereich Logistik 4.0 und Supply-Chain-Management sowie der möglichen Reaktionsmaßnahmen.
Digitalization and Industry 4.0 continue to shape our industrial environment and collaboration. For many enterprises, a key challenge in moving forward in this matter is the integration of their shop-floor systems (hard- and software) with their office-floor systems to harvest the full potential of industry 4.0.
A multitude of different technologies and respective use-cases available on the market leave many companies startled. This paper presents a set of use-cases for IT-OT-Integration to bring transparency into a company’s digital transformation.
Additionally, a technical requirements profile for integrating IT- and OT-Systems based on the use cases is presented. Both, use-cases and their requirements, guide companies in selecting the digitalization measures that fit their current situation and help in identifying technical challenges that need to be addressed in the transformation process.
Increasing the energy efficiency and meanwhile avoiding unplanned maintenance breaks are keys for manufacturing companies to stay competitive in the future. This paper presents an energy saving and maintenance cost reducing approach for manufacturing environments. The approach describes first occurring types of energy wastage within manufacturing and characterizes them in more detail. Including additional external information, the significance of an identified on-going wastage can be determined. Based on the type of wastage and the significance; concrete recommendations for measures to prevent the wastage are delivered. The identified wastage facilitates detecting inefficient operating mode as well as wearing and malfunctioning at machines. By using complex event processing technologies realtime information can forwarded directly to the responsible persons to enable quick reactions to prevent energy wastage and unplanned downtimes. The paper presents an approach to identify detection and propose concepts for manufacturing enterprises. The information processing procedure is used for the implementation of two Use Cases.
Smart Service Prototyping
(2021)
This chapter is dedicated to prototyping, one of the steps of the Smart Service Engineering Cycle. It includes three phases: realizing core functionalities, developing core functionalities, and testing functionalities with customers. In order to realize prototypes successfully, methodical aspects of rapid IoT prototyping are used.
First of all, this chapter explains the motivation behind rapid prototyping and provides an introduction to the approach. The concept of rapid IoT prototyping is based on the idea of developing short-cycle solution variants on the basis of benefit hypotheses or benefit promises and user stories focusing on them. The aim is to achieve data acquisition, aggregation, linkage, processing, and finally visualization by developing it in a vertically integrated manner. Once this is accomplished, the prototype can be evaluated with customers, which also makes it possible to put the benefit hypotheses to the test. Finally, the collected customer feedback can be incorporated more quickly into the development process of new prototype versions, leading to a continuous improvement of the user experience as well as a constant focus on prioritizing the user. Another component of rapid IoT prototyping is working and thinking in terms of minimum viable products (MVP), i.e., solutions that do not meet all of the defined requirements in the first iteration, but are nevertheless already functional. [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-58182-4_6]
Low-Level-Code Based Production Model For Improving Material Requirements Planning In ERP Systems
(2021)
Single and small-series production companies face specific challenges, such as variable customer order decoupling points (CODP), decreasing quantities and rising cost pressure. This leads to a increasing production complexity and growing requirements on Production Planning and Control (PPC). Digitalization’s direct links between objects, people, and machines as well as detailed recording of production progresses opens new solutions for PPC. However, volume of data and the required processing times are increasing. Thus, to achieve near-real-time data processing, a decentralization of decision-making systems can be observed. The function Material Requirements Planning (MRP) is PPC’s original need for Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Here, PPC’s overall problem (to fulfil primary requirements for products) is divided into subproblems (to fulfil single production orders). Especially companies characterized by an organization in accordance to the workshop principle, high in-house production depth and variable CODP are confronted with high dynamics in their production systems. This ends in significant differences between primary requirements (overall problem) and single production orders (subproblems). Ultimately, these insufficient PPC data result systematically in a non-optimal overall solution despite optimal partial solutions. This publication combines PPC’s fundamentals from existing commonly known models with current implementation concepts of ERP systems. A newly developed Low-Level-Code based Production Model provides explanations for deviations between the overall problem and its subproblems. Furthermore, information flows of PPC can be structured between a periodically actualized vertical and an event driven horizontal information flow. These recognitions lead to an improvement of PPC by ERP systems.